This pastry crust can be made by hand or by using a food processor, I will give you both options, depending on what fits your needs.
Mixing by hand: Combine the flour, white sugar, baking powder, and salt in a mixing bowl. Whisk together.
Using a cheese grater on the largest setting, grate your cold butter and transfer it to the bowl with the dry ingredients.
Mix in the butter until it's fully coated in the flour mixture, you should see pea-sized chunks of butter in the dough.
Add the cold sourdough discard and lemon juice to the bowl, and start to combine the dough.
Begin to mix with a pastry whisk or your hands to bring the dough together. If you need to, you can turn your dough out on a clean surface to mix it with your hands.
The ball of dough should come together easily, if it's too dry add a teaspoon of cold ice water at a time until your dough just comes together.
If the dough is too wet or sticky, sprinkle with a little flour and continue to bring the dough together.
I typically don't even need to use water, but it's okay and normal if you do!
Because your hands can melt the butter, it's important to just bring the dough together and then stop mixing. You want chunks of butter and overworking the dough isn't the goal.
Flatten the dough into a disc, and cut the dough in half (this doesn't have to be perfect just guess). You want to see the bits of butter throughout your dough, this is what makes those flakey layers!
Flatten each half into a round, then wrap tightly in plastic wrap and refrigerate at least 2 hours but optionally overnight for longer fermentation.
Food Processor Option: Add the flour, white sugar, baking powder, and salt to the bowl of your food processor fitted with the blade attachment. Pulse a few times to combine all of the dry ingredients.
2 (240g) cups all-purpose flour, 1 (12g) Tbsp granulated white sugar, 1 tsp fine sea salt, ⅛ tsp baking powder
Cut up your butter (make sure it's very cold), into 1/4 inch cubes. Add the butter to the dry ingredients.
1 (227g) cup unsalted butter
Pulse the butter until you have blueberry sized balls of butter cut up into the flour mixture. Don't over blend the butter into the flour at this stage! Go slow and stop when you see the butter is chopped up to the desired size.
Add the sourdough discard and the lemon juice to the work bowl.
½ (120g) cup sourdough discard, 1½ tsp fresh lemon juice
Pulse together the ingredients slowly until a dough starts to form. If the dough is very dry, you can add 1 teaspoon of ice water at a time until the dough just comes together.
1-2 tsp ice water
Once a pie dough is forming, dump out the dough onto a clean work surface and use your hands to bring the dough together. You want to see the bits of butter throughout your dough, this is what makes those flakey layers!
Divide the dough, and flatten both sections into discs and wrap tightly in plastic wrap.
Refrigerate the pastry dough at least 2 hours but optionally overnight for the longer fermentation.